Cratum

Cratum aut apud rerum gestarum scriptores Crach (Francogallice olim Le Crac de l'Ospital, tempore nostro Krak des Chevaliers; Arabice قلعة الحصن Qalʿat al-Ḥuṣn) est castellum mediaevale in Syria.

Ab anno 2006 inter UNESCO Mundi Hereditas numeratur.

Aedes nunc bello civile in Syria devastata est.

Historia

Montem qui super planitiem Akkar et viam ad litorem maris et urbem Tarabulum iacet anno 1031 Amiralis urbis Homs fortificavit. Vetus nomen loci Castrum Kurdorum fuit.

1099 equites occidentales Prima expeditione sacra castellum coeperunt. Ab anno 1110 arx Comitatus Tripolitani fuit, sed 1142 comes Tripolitanus eam Ordine Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani dedit qui post duo terrae motus 1170 integraliter novum magnum fortificationis opus efficit.

Arx nova turrim, capellam, portam magnam, salam fortem moeniaque et ingentem bastionem post annum 1200 constructam continet. Baibars Sultanus Aegypti Syriaeque anno 1271 castrum exercitu Mamelucano expugnare iussit.

1927 ad 1947 Francia a Confoederatione Nationum Syriam protegit et castellum Cratum servavit.

Nexus interni

  • Expeditio sacra
  • Hierosolyma
  • Principatus Antiochenus
  • Imperium Ottomanicum
  • Damascus
  • Civitas Islamica (regimen)

Bibliographia

  • Maria Andaloro, Roberto Cassanelli, Anna Contadini, et al.: La Méditerranée des Croisades. Collectif sous la direction de Roberto Cassanelli. Lutetiae 2000. ISBN 2-85088-149-X.
  • Thomas Biller (ed.): Der Crac des Chevaliers. Die Baugeschichte einer Ordensburg der Kreuzfahrerzeit. Ratisbonae 2006. ISBN 3-7954-1810-0.
  • Paul Deschamps: Terre Sainte Romane. Lutetiae 1964.
  • Paul Deschamps: Les châteaux des croisés en Terre Sainte. Le Crac des Chevaliers. Etude historique et archéologique. Lutetiae 1934.
  • Paul Deschamps: Les deux Cracs des Croisés. In: Journal asiatique, 229, 1937, pp. 494-500. Textus apud Gallica
  • Jaroslav Folda, Pamela French, Pierre Coupel: Crusader Frescoes at Crac des Chevaliers and Marqab Castle. In: Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 36, 1982, p. 177–210.
  • Jean-Claude Voisin: Le Temps des forteresses en Syrie du nord. VIème-XVème siècles. Beryti 2000.

Nexus externi

' plura habent quae ad ' spectant.
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Damiano Crognali
15 May 2011
To be looking for Abdul, he works in the castle and he is a cool guide. It is free, just if you seem to him friendly
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